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Phytobdella catenifera
''Phytobdella catenifera'' is a large (5-cm long) terrestrial leech found in Peninsular Malaysia.〔Sharma, R.E. and C.H. Fernando. 1961. Leeches and their Ways. Malay. Nat. J. 15.152-159.〕 John Percy Moore〔Moore, J.P. 1942. Leeches (Hirudinea) principally from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of new species. Bull. Raffles Mus. 14. 64-68.〕 chose this species’ epithet ‘''catenifera''’ after the striking chain-striped pattern on the creature’s back (Latin ''catena'' = chain).
==Range and ecology==
In 1935, the then curator of the Raffles Museum, Michael Tweedie, collected the type specimen among 23 of its kin on a brown tortoise ''Manouria emys''. The type locality is Gunung Pulai in Johore and there is one record from Gabai Falls in Selangor. One of the reasons ''P. catenifera'' is seldom seen is that it is only attracted to reptiles and is of no threat to humans. However, one species of Phytobdella (''P. lineata'') from Papua New Guinea is thought to be zoonotic (i.e. it can transmit diseases to humans).〔Owen, I.L. 2005. Parasitic zoonoses in Papua New Guinea. J. of Helminthology 79. 1-14.〕
Some texts on tropical medicine erroneously list ''P. catenifera'' among aquatic species occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. However, the genus ''Phytobdella'' is restricted to the Indo-Pacific Region, with ''P. catenifera'' being found only in Peninsular Malaysia〔Govedich, F.R., W.E. Moser, R.W. Davies. 2004. Annelida: Clitellata, Hirudinea, Euhirudinea. In: Yule, C.M. and H.S. Yong (eds.). ''Freshwater Invertebrates of the Malaysian Region''. Kuala Lumpur: Academy of Sciences Malaysia. p. 175-190.〕 and other species being found in the Philippines (''P. meyeri''), the Moluccas (''P. moluccensis'') and Papua New Guinea (''P. lineata'' and ''P. maculosa''). A possible sixth species, as yet unidentified, has been found in Laos. 〔Keegan, H. L., Toshioka, S. and Suzuki, H. 1968. Blood sucking Asian leeches of families Hirudidae and Hemadipsidae. 406th Med. Lab. Spec. Report, July 1968, US Army Medical Command, Japan.〕
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